英文誌(2004-)
Review Article(総説)
(0199 - 0207)
乳房MRI検出病変に対するtargeted 超音波検査の実際
Practical Approach to Targeted Ultrasound for MRI-Detected Breast Lesions
國分 優美1, 大迫 智2, 上野 貴之3, 松枝 清1
Yumi KOKUBU1, Tomo OSAKO2, Takayuki UENO3, Kiyoshi MATSUEDA1
1がん研究会有明病院超音波診断・IVR部, 2がん研究会がん研究所病理部, 3がん研究会有明病院乳腺センター
1Department of Ultrasound/IVR, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japaneese Foundation for Cancer Research, 2Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japaneese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3Breast Oncology Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research
キーワード : MRI-detected lesion, targeted ultrasound, breast MRI, breast ultrasound, isoechoic lesion
乳癌の広がり精査や乳癌卵巣癌既発症者に対するハイリスク群サーベイランスにおいて,MRIにより新たな病変(MRI検出病変)が指摘されることがある.これらに対してまず行われるのがtargeted 超音波検査(ultrasound:US)である.しかし,targeted USによる病変の同定は,必ずしも容易ではない.その主な要因は,MRIとUSの検査体位の違いにより乳房が変形し,病変の位置が移動するからである.targeted USの同定率を向上させるためには,いくつか押さえておくべきポイントがある.MRI画像からtargetの位置情報を十分に把握すること,仰臥位での乳房の変形に伴うtargetの移動を予測すること,さらにMRIにおいて検出される等エコー病変の特徴を理解しておくことが重要である.targetの位置情報については,乳腺分布における深さ方向・内外方向・頭尾方向の距離の比率を把握し,MRIの位置情報とUSにより同定した病変の位置が合致するかを検証することが有用である.本稿では,targeted USの実際的な方法として,targetが乳腺分布の辺縁にある症例,targetが乳腺分布の辺縁にない症例,主腫瘤・良性病変・正常構造を指標とした症例,仰臥位によるtargetの外側あるいは頭側への移動が認められた症例,target周囲が脂肪組織主体であった症例,MRIにおいて検出される等エコー腫瘤の症例について,それぞれ解説する.
In the evaluation of disease extent in breast cancer and in surveillance of high-risk populations, such as patients with a personal history of breast and ovarian cancer, newly detected lesions on MRI (MRI-detected lesions) are occasionally encountered. The initial diagnostic step for these lesions is targeted ultrasound (US). However, accurate lesion identification with targeted US is not invariably straightforward, primarily because deformation of the breast and displacement of lesions occur as a consequence of differences in patient positioning between MRI and US examinations. To enhance the detection rate of targeted US, several critical factors must be considered. Careful assessment of the lesion’s spatial information on MRI, anticipation of positional shifts resulting from breast deformation in the supine position, and recognition of the imaging characteristics of isoechoic lesions frequently detected on MRI are of particular importance. With respect to positional information, it is advantageous to analyze the proportional distances within the breast parenchyma in the craniocaudal, mediolateral, and anteroposterior dimensions, and to verify the concordance between lesion location as determined on MRI and that identified on US. This article provides a practical overview of targeted US techniques, with illustrative cases categorized into the following scenarios: lesions located at the periphery of the breast parenchyma; lesions situated away from the parenchymal margin; lesions in which the spatial relationship to a primary tumor, benign lesion, or normal anatomical landmark is informative; lesions exhibiting lateral or cranial displacement in the supine position; lesions surrounded predominantly by adipose tissue on MRI; and isoechoic lesions that are characteristically detected on MRI.
